At the moment GDB only handles pointer authentication (pauth) for userspace
addresses and if we're debugging a Linux-hosted program.

The Linux Kernel can be configured to use pauth instructions for some
additional security hardening, but GDB doesn't handle this well.

To overcome this limitation, GDB needs a couple things:

1 - The target needs to advertise pauth support.
2 - The hook to remove non-address bits from a pointer needs to be registered
    in aarch64-tdep.c as opposed to aarch64-linux-tdep.c.

There is a patch for QEMU that addresses the first point, and it makes
QEMU's gdbstub expose a couple more pauth mask registers, so overall we will
have up to 4 pauth masks (2 masks or 4 masks):

pauth_dmask
pauth_cmask
pauth_dmask_high
pauth_cmask_high

pauth_dmask and pauth_cmask are the masks used to remove pauth signatures
from userspace addresses. pauth_dmask_high and pauth_cmask_high masks are used
to remove pauth signatures from kernel addresses.

The second point is easily addressed by moving code around.

When debugging a Linux Kernel built with pauth with an unpatched GDB, we get
the following backtrace:

 #0  __fput (file=0xffff0000c17a6400) at /repos/linux/fs/file_table.c:296
 #1  0xffff8000082bd1f0 in ____fput (work=<optimized out>) at /repos/linux/fs/file_table.c:348
 #2  0x30008000080ade30 [PAC] in ?? ()
 #3  0x30d48000080ade30 in ?? ()
 Backtrace stopped: previous frame identical to this frame (corrupt stack?)

With a patched GDB, we get something a lot more meaningful:

 #0  __fput (file=0xffff0000c1bcfa00) at /repos/linux/fs/file_table.c:296
 #1  0xffff8000082bd1f0 in ____fput (work=<optimized out>) at /repos/linux/fs/file_table.c:348
 #2  0xffff8000080ade30 [PAC] in task_work_run () at /repos/linux/kernel/task_work.c:179
 #3  0xffff80000801db90 [PAC] in resume_user_mode_work (regs=0xffff80000a96beb0) at /repos/linux/include/linux/resume_user_mode.h:49
 #4  do_notify_resume (regs=regs@entry=0xffff80000a96beb0, thread_flags=4) at /repos/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c:1127
 #5  0xffff800008fb9974 [PAC] in prepare_exit_to_user_mode (regs=0xffff80000a96beb0) at /repos/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:137
 #6  exit_to_user_mode (regs=0xffff80000a96beb0) at /repos/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:142
 #7  el0_svc (regs=0xffff80000a96beb0) at /repos/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:638
 #8  0xffff800008fb9d34 [PAC] in el0t_64_sync_handler (regs=<optimized out>) at /repos/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:655
 #9  0xffff800008011548 [PAC] in el0t_64_sync () at /repos/linux/arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:586
 Backtrace stopped: Cannot access memory at address 0xffff80000a96c0c8